3 heart health questions every woman should be asking

Maya Dassanayake, MD

Cardiology

Heart disease is the leading cause of death for women in the United States, yet many women remain unaware of the unique risks and symptoms they face. To shed light on this critical topic, cardiologist Maya Dassanayake, MD, answered some of the most common questions about women’s heart health.

Question #1: What tests should women be getting regularly to monitor heart health?

“Early detection saves lives, and it starts with regular check-ups. Seeing your primary care physician for routine heart screenings is one of the simplest, most powerful ways to protect your future health,” said Dr. Dassanayake.

The key tests women should prioritize are:

• Blood pressure checks: High blood pressure, or hypertension, often has no symptoms but can lead to serious heart complications if left unmanaged.
• Cholesterol and lipid panels: Elevated cholesterol levels can increase the risk of heart disease. Routine blood tests help monitor and manage these levels effectively.

These simple, routine screenings can catch early warning signs and help women take proactive steps toward better heart health.

Question #2: How can women modify their diet and physical activity to lower their risk of heart disease?

A heart-healthy lifestyle starts with what you eat and how you move. Dr. Dassanayake recommended following these steps:

• Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables.
• Choose lean meats and opt for grilling or baking instead of frying.
• Increase dietary fiber through whole grains, legumes and vegetables.
• Avoid high-fat and processed foods.
• Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, as recommended by the American Heart Association. This could include brisk walking, cycling, swimming or dancing.

“Managing stress, getting adequate sleep and avoiding smoking are also key lifestyle factors that contribute to a healthier heart,” said Dr. Dassanayake.

These changes not only support heart health but also improve overall well-being.

Question #3: What are the typical symptoms of a heart attack in women?

Heart attack symptoms can vary widely, and women may experience them differently than men. While chest pain remains the most common symptom, women may also report:

• Pressure or discomfort in the chest
• Indigestion or a feeling similar to acid reflux
• Shortness of breath
• Pain in the neck, jaw, shoulder, upper back or arms
• Nausea or lightheadedness

“Because these symptoms can be subtle or mistaken for less serious conditions, it’s crucial for women to listen to their bodies and seek medical attention if something feels off,” said Dr. Dassanayake.

Women are also more likely to experience what’s known as a “silent” heart attack, where symptoms are mild or go unnoticed. That’s why awareness and early action are essential. If you experience any of these signs, especially in combination, don’t wait. Call 911 and get help immediately.

Heart health is not one-size-fits-all, and women need to be especially vigilant about their cardiovascular well-being. Regular check-ups, a balanced lifestyle and awareness of symptoms can make all the difference.

If you haven’t had your blood pressure or cholesterol checked recently, consider scheduling a visit with your primary care provider.