From nerves to nails: Understanding body-focused repetitive behaviors
Why do some people have habits like nail-biting, pulling their hair or picking at their skin? These often-misunderstood behaviors fall under a group called body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs), and they can go beyond simple habits, affecting a person’s well-being.
Psychiatrist Lauren Barron, MD, explained the basics of body-focused repetitive behaviors, including what they are, why they happen and the potential connection to anxiety.
What is a body-focused repetitive behavior?
“BFRBs encompass a range of self-directed actions that people use as coping mechanisms or stress relievers,” said Dr. Barron. “Nail-biting, hair-pulling (trichotillomania) and skin-picking (dermatillomania) are common examples.”
Most of the time, these behaviors are brief and temporary and do not lead to harm. However, for some, these behaviors can become so ingrained that they interfere with daily life and may lead to physical consequences, such as skin damage or hair loss.
The diversity of BFRBs suggests that they serve various purposes for different individuals. Some engage in these behaviors absentmindedly, while others use them as a response to stress, anxiety or other emotional states.
What causes body-focused repetitive behaviors?
Things like genetics (inherited traits), mental health and the environment around us can all play a part in why someone might develop BFRBs. Stress and anxiety can make these behaviors worse, turning them into ways to deal with tough emotions.
My child struggles with BFRBs. Is this a sign of anxiety?
“BFRBs in children can indeed be linked to anxiety or other emotional challenges,” said Dr. Barron. “Children may engage in these behaviors as a way to cope with stressors or express underlying emotional turmoil.”
It is essential to approach these situations with sensitivity and seek professional guidance to understand the root causes and provide appropriate support for your child.
Are body-focused repetitive behaviors rare?
BFRBs might not be as well-known as some other issues, but they’re more common than you might think. These behaviors can affect people of all ages and backgrounds throughout their lives.
Habits like nail-biting, hair-pulling, and skin-picking can be more than just quirks. For some people, they are behaviors that last for decades and can impact a person’s life. By understanding the reasons behind these actions and their connection to anxiety, we can show more empathy to those going through it.
Speaking to a doctor about your or your loved one’s struggle with BFRBs is important to help you fully understand these behaviors and seek out the most effective ways to recover.
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